Catalog Number:

GT15075

Product Type:

Affinity purified

Immunogen Sequence:

NS0-derived rmOPG

Host:

Goat

Reactivity:

Mouse

Applications:

Western Blotting, ELISA

Description:

Bone morphogenesis and remodeling involve the formation of bone from osteoblasts and the resorption of bone by osteoclasts (1). The cytokine osteoprotegerin (OPG, also designated osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor, or OCIF) is known to inhibit osteoclast formation. This secreted glycoprotein is a member of the TNF receptor family that increases bone density and volume (2). OPG is thought to inhibit osteoclastogenesis by disrupting the cell-to-cell signaling between osteoblastic stromal cells and osteoclast progenitors (3). OPG is known to bind to TRAIL, a death domaincontaining protein, and to inhibit TRAIL-apoptosis in Jurkat cells (4). OPG also binds to osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF, also known as TRANCE/RANKL), a membrane-bound protein belonging to the TNF ligand family (5). Both TNF-alpha and TNF-beta upregulate OPG expression, while the bone resorbing agent prostaglandin E2 downregulates OPG (6,7).

Reference:

1. Hill, P.A. 1998. Bone remodeling. Br. J. Orthod. 25: 101-107.

2. Simonet, W.S., Lacey, D.L., Dunstan, C.R., Kelley, M., Chang, M.S., Luthy, R., Nguyen, H.Q., Wooden, S., Bennett, L., Boone, T., Shimamoto, G., DeRose, M., Elliott, R., Colombero, A., Tan, H.L., Trail, G., Sullivan, J., Davy, E., Bucay, N., Renshaw-Gegg, L., Hughes, T.M., Hill, D., Pattison, W., Campbell, P., Boyle, W.J. et. al. 1997. Osteoprotegerin: a novel secreted protein involved in the regulation of bone density. Cell 89 : 309-319.

3. Yasuda, H., Shima, N., Nakagawa, N., Mochizuki, S.I., Yano, K., Fujise, N., Sato, Y., Goto, M., Yamaguchi, K., Kuriyama, M., Kanno, T., Murakami, A., Tsuda, E., Morinaga, T., and Higashio, K. 1998. Identity of osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor (OCIF) and ostoeprotegerin (OPG): a mechanism by which OPG/OCIF inhibits osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Endocrinology 139: 1329-1337.

4. Emery, J.G., McDonnell, P., Burke, M.B., Deen, K.C., Lyn, S., Silverman, C., Dul, E., Appelbaum, E.R., Eichman, C., DiPrinzio, R., Dodds, R.A., James, I.E., Rosenberg, M., Lee, J.C., and Young, P.R. 1998. Osteoprotegerin is a receptor for the cytotoxic ligand TRAIL. J. Biol. Chem. 273: 14363-14367.

5. Yasuda, H., Shima, N., Nakagawa, N., Yamaguchi, K., Kinosaki, M., Mochizuki, S.I., Tomoyasu, A., Yano, K., Goto, M., Murakami, A., Tsuda, E., Morinaga, T., Higashio, K., Udagawa, N., Takahashi, N., and Suda, T. 1998. Osteoclast differentiation is a ligand forosteoprotegerin/osteoclastogenesisinhibitory factor and is identical to TRANCE/RANKL. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 95: 3597-3602.

6. Brandstrom, H., Jonsson, K.B., Vidal, O., Ljunghall, S., Ohlsson, C., and Ljunggren, O. 1998. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and -beta upregulate the levels of osteoprotegerin mRNA in human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 248: 454-457.

7. Brandstrom, H., Jonsson, K.B., Ohlsson, C., Vidal, O., Ljunghall, S., and Ljunggren, O. 1998. Regulation of osteoprotegerin mRNA levels by prostaglandin E2 in human bone marrow stroma cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 247: 338-341 .